Fenugreek - Side Effects, Uses and Benefits
What is Fenugreek?
Fenugreek, an annual herb with small white flowers and light green leaves, is an herb. It is part of the pea family (Fabaceae), and is also known as Greek hay or Trigonella foenumgraecum.
Fenugreek plants are about 2 to 3 feet tall. Seed pods have 10-20 small yellow-brown, pungent, aromatic seeds.
Fenugreek seeds have a somewhat bitter taste, similar to celery, maple syrup or burnt sugar, and are often used to make medicine. However, it has a far more pleasant taste when cooked.
Fenugreek is most commonly used for its graecum seeds. These are typically dried and ground. You can also use the leaves for cooking.
Fenugreek is a natural remedy for inflammation. It can be taken orally. Fenugreek oil can also be used to make soaps and cosmetics.
Fenugreek oil and extract are noted in "Essential Oils in Food Preservation, Flavor and Safety" as having antimicrobial, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antitumorigenic properties. It is widely grown in India, North Africa and the Middle East.
Fenugreek is a gum and emulsifier. This makes it useful for thickening food as well as stabilizing it. It's also used as a spice and flavoring agent in food preparation.
Nutrition Facts
One serving -- 1 tablespoon -- of fenugreek seeds contains:
35.5 calories
Carbohydrates: 6.4 grams
2.5 grams protein
Fat of 0.7 grams
Fiber: 2.7g
3.7 mgs iron (20% DV).
0.1 milligram manganese (7 percent DV)
0.1 milligram copper (6 percent DV)
21 milligrams magnesium (5 percent DV)
32.6 milligrams phosphorus (3 percent DV)
0.1 milligram vitamin B6 (3 percent DV)
Health Benefits
This herb is known to alleviate many health issues. However, more research is necessary in order to identify and confirm all its benefits. Here are nine benefits of fenugreek.
1. Can Improve Digestive Problems and Cholesterol Levels
This herb is good for digestive problems such as constipation, upset stomach, and inflammation. Research shows that fenugreek among other foods has water-soluble fiber which helps with constipation.
Because of its anti-inflammatory properties, it is often included in a diet plan for ulcerative colitis. This herb appears to benefit those with heart conditions, such as hardening of the arteries and high blood levels of certain fats, including cholesterol and triglycerides.
It also shows potential for helping those who are diabetic. In fact, a study out of India showed that administering 2.5 grams of fenugreek supplement twice daily for three months to people dealing with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus significantly lowered cholesterol naturally, along with triglycerides, without affecting HDL cholesterol.
2. The Body Combats Inflammation
Fenugreek is a natural remedy for inflammation, which can lead to health problems and diseases such as:
Mouth ulcers
Boils
Bronchitis
Infection of the tissues beneath the surface of the skin
Tuberculosis
Chronic coughs
Cancer
Kidney disease
These herbal remedies may have preventive effects. However, they are also believed to lower blood sugar. They could also be beneficial for managing other metabolic and nutritive disorders like diabetes. A 2017 study found that fenugreek seed can be added to diet and exercise to have a synergistic effect on fasting blood glucose.
Patients with type 2 diabetes were given 10 grams of the seeds, soaked in hot water each day.
Fenugreek may slow the absorption sugars in your stomach and stimulate insulin. In Traditional Chinese Medicine, the spice is known as a "phlegm mover" and is said to break up stuck energies and cool inflammation within the body.
Research published in International Immunopharmacology studied the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of fenugreek mucilage on arthritic rats and confirmed its power to fight inflammation. It also "demonstrated the potential beneficiary effect of fenugreek mucilage on adjuvant induced arthritis in rats," meaning this herb may be an effective natural arthritis treatment as well.
3. Helps Increase Libido in Men
Some fenugreek uses for men include treating hernias, erectile dysfunction and other male problems, such as baldness. This is because it can increase sexual arousal or testosterone levels.
While it's best to consult with a physician before using natural therapies for treating disease or improving sexual performance, fenugreek seed powder, fenugreek tea and tablets have been shown to increase sexual desire and performance in men, as well as naturally remedy impotence.
In a study published in Phytotherapy Research, 60 men between the ages of 25 and 52 years with no history of erectile dysfunction were supplemented with either a placebo or 600 milligrams of fenugreek extract per day for six weeks.
Participants completed a self-evaluation and reported that fenugreek had a positive impact on their libidos. Ultimately, the study found that fenugreek extract had a significant influence on sexual arousal, energy and stamina and helped participants maintain normal testosterone levels.
4. Encourages breastfeeding by increasing milk flow
Fenugreek can also be used to help breastfeeding mothers who have low milk supply. Because it is a galactagogue, it can help increase breast milk production.
Galactagogues help increase milk supply. They stimulate the milk ducts, and can boost milk production as quickly as 24 hours.
While further research is necessary to determine the exact safety and efficacy fenugreek has for breast milk production, many scientific journals have published studies that show its effectiveness in promoting milk flow.
While this may be a benefit from fenugreek, it is not the only way to increase breast milk production. Researchers recommend that women seek out help from a lactation specialist if they are having problems.
5. Treatment of Wounds, Skin and Scalp Problems
Fenugreek can be used externally to treat inflammation and reduce internal inflammation. Research indicates that this reduces external inflammation and can treat:
Muscle pain and swelling, as well as lymph nodes irritation
Gout
Wounds
Leg ulcers
Sciatica
Dandruff
Eczema
It is crucial to check the area before you do anything to it.
Hair benefits can also be attributed to fenugreek. Anecdotal evidence suggests that fenugreek seeds powder and tea can be applied to your hair to stimulate hair growth and improve hair texture.
6. Adds flavor and spice to food
Fenugreek powder can be used in food as an ingredient in spice mixtures. It is most commonly found in Indian cuisines such as curried dishes. It can also be used to flavor imitation maple syrup, food, beverages, and tobacco.
You can also use fenugreek leaf in salads. Indian cuisine uses both dried and fresh fenugreek.
7. This helps to increase appetite
Fenugreek's flavor enhancement properties are not the only benefits. It also increases appetite, which is a result of its nutritive and restorative properties.
A study published in Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior was designed to investigate the effects of a fenugreek seed extract on feeding behavior. Experiments were conducted to determine the effects of fenugreek seed extract on food intake and motivation to eat.
Chronic oral administration of fenugreek oil significantly increased food intake and motivation to eat. The report also indicated, however, that the treatment does not prevent anorexia nor the decreased motivation to eat.
8. May increase exercise performance
The Journal of Sports Science and Medicine reports a study on the effects of combined creatine and fenugreek oil supplementation on strength and body composition in men.
Forty-seven men who had been resistance-trained were then divided into two different groups based upon their body weight. The men were then given either 70g of a placebo dextrose, 5g of creatine, 70g of dextrose or 3.5g of creatine. They also had to take 900 mgs of fenugreek and participate in a periodized resistance training program that lasts for four days.
Body composition, muscular strength endurance and anaerobic capacity of participants were tested. The creatine/fenugreek group showed significant increases in lean mass, bench press and leg press strength.
The study concluded that creatine combined with fenugreek extract supplementation had a significant impact on upper body strength and body composition as effectively as the combination of creatine with dextrose.
What makes this so special? This is why fenugreek is so good.
9. Helps Improve Blood Sugar
A clinical trial showed that ingestion of fenugreek seeds soaked in hot water shows promise as a complementary therapy in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
In the eight-week study, 11 participants consumed hot water-soaked fenugreek nuts, and seven consumed yogurt-mixed fenugreek nuts over the same period. The blood glucose levels of participants who ate the seeds soaked with hot water were significantly lower than those who ate them mixed with yogurt.
What is fenugreek exactly? - Dr. Axe
How to Use (Plus Recipes).
Fenugreek's long history has been both a medicinal and culinary herb. Fenugreek seeds are used as a traditional remedy for diabetes, loss of appetite, and to stimulate breast milk production in nursing women.
It's also applied to the skin and hair to reduce inflammation.
These are the most popular uses of plants:
Breast milk production: Fenugreek tea or supplements may increase breast milk production, particularly in the first few days after childbirth.
Digestive issues: Fenugreek seed powder, tea or supplements can help with constipation, upset stomach, and loss of appetite.
Inflammation: Fenugreek extract can be applied topically as a poultice to reduce inflammation and pain.
Cholesterol: Although evidence is mixed, fenugreek powder or supplementation may be able to lower high cholesterol levels.
Skin health: Fenugreek seed oil or powder can be applied topically to improve skin health, and decrease the symptoms of inflammatory diseases.
Hair health: To use as an herbal remedy for your hair, combine fenugreek seed powder with coconut oil or aloe vera and massage the mixture into your scalp. Let it sit for five minutes and then rinse.
Exercise performance: Fenugreek supplementation for eight weeks can improve exercise performance as well as decrease body fat.
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